It is impossible for a stable scaffold structure to be built unless _____. Ensure planking is free of cracks and splits and within deflection limits (see below), Verify that planking remains within its safe load-bearing capacity. You can correct any missed questions and check your Cross bracing is not acceptable as an entire guardrail system but is acceptable for a toprail when the crossing point of the two braces is between 38 inches (0.9 meters) and 48 inches (1.3 meters) above the work platform and for midrails when between 20 inches (0.5 meters) and 30 inches (0.8 meters) above the work platform. For the current year, is Samsungs cash flow on total assets ratio better or worse than (a) Apples and a TRUE b FALSE 5 A means of access must be provided to a scaffold platform if there is no existing access within____feet of the platform. In the event of an emergency, please call 123 from any campus phone or 773.702.8181, Please direct coronavirus (COVID-19) questions [email protected]. d.12. Standard guardrails (e.g., handrail and midrail) and toeboards must be provided for all open sides of the scaffolding that are ten (10) feet or more above the surrounding surfaces. OA025.pdf Contacting EHS if there is a concern regarding the erection of the scaffold. The footing of scaffolding must be sound and rigid, capable of supporting the weight. Access shall be provided when scaffold platforms are more than 24 inches above or below the point of access. 10. The end points at each upright shall be no more than 48 inches. The platform of a two-point suspension scaffold must not be more than 36 inches wide unless designed by a qualified person, and must be surrounded with a standard guardrail and toe board. Is the change in Samsungs cash flow on total assets ratio favorable or unfavorable? 1.Snow 13. Workers are most vulnerable to fall hazards when climbing on or off a scaffold. application/pdf ). \text { Web, and get directions } 5.Use taglines if a load could swing and hit the scaffold. Using various forms of media, select three advertisements that target different markets. The height of the scaffold in relation to the minimum base width, wind loads, the use of brackets or cantilevered platforms and imposed scaffold load determines the need for stability bracing. Select all that apply and then click the DONE button. This includes (but is not limited to): mudsills, screw jacks, frames, braces, planks, access ladders, brackets, etc. c.Three feet uuid:F4AC72E838E6DC1181DF85762784E02C Does Joel need to provide a portable ladder for his team to access the platform? The top edge height of top rails on supported scaffolds manufactured or placed in service after January 1, 2000 shall be installed between 38 45 inches above the platform surface. (b) Googles? The following table provides the clearance distances between scaffolds and power lines, or any other conductive material, while being erected, used, dismantled, altered or moved. Utilizing scaffolds in accordance with all local, state, federal, manufacturer, and institutional rules and regulations. If it can be demonstrated that a wider space is necessary, check to make sure the gap is as small as possible and does not exceed 9 1/2 inches. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. Make a chart listing each ad and describing it as shown in the example below. All scaffolding shall have toe boards, screens, a guardrail system and/or debris nets as determined by a competent person. Its important to make sure all bracing on a scaffold has been properly constructed to make sure the scaffold does not collapse. PScript5.dll Version 5.2.2 Select the correct answer and then click DONE. Additionally, there is no material cohesion; during a storm the material can wash away under the scaffold base plates. unstable objects are not used to support scaffolds or platform units. \text { discount; pink or silver; } \\ Poor foundation: Scaffold end frames, which have no base plate, are erected on top of scrap wood and unstable cement blocks. Base plates or screw jacks shall be in firm contact with both the sills and the legs of the scaffolding. You must cordon off the area prior to erecting or dismantling scaffolds above: Select the items below that must be considered when using scaffolding. 22 inches c.24 inches \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} The end points of the cross bracing must be no more than 48 inches (1.3 meters) apart vertically. 21 0 obj <><><>]/ON[37 0 R]/Order[]/RBGroups[]>>/OCGs[37 0 R]>>/PageLabels 15 0 R/Pages 17 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 36 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Fields 41 0 R>> endobj 18 0 obj <>stream Wood planks used for platforms on scaffolding shall be specifically graded for scaffold use by an approved grading agency. You will receive a message if you forgot to answer one of the questions. Scaffold should not be occupied while moving unless a competent person has determined it is safe to do so. While inspecting during scaffold erection and dismantling, make sure safe access for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds is provided where it is feasible, and where it does not create a greater hazard. Scaffolds must be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or a combination thereof. Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. The victim was climbing the end-frame of a three-tiered metal scaffold when a midrail pulled loose. Scaffold Roles and Responsibilites Section. c.Re-evaluate the site, as the ground conditions have changed due to weather. Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. Horizontal members are erected in a manner that creates a usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space. Guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used when the scaffold work area is _____. a.15 feet d.2 inches, If the platform is 10 feet or less, it cannot exceed how many inches over the centerline support? Cross-braces of the proper length must be used to ensure that the scaffold will remain plumb and rigid. In its simplest form, a scaffold is any temporary elevated or suspended work surface used to support workers and/or materials. Counterweights used for suspended scaffolds shall be made of materials that cannot be easily dislocated. Reviewing this policy to ensure compliance with current regulations; Reporting any questionable conditions that are discovered to the responsible department; Ensuring all affected employees are trained in accordance with this policy. Hard hats Is it safe for Giovanni and his team to use the scaffolding? d.42 - 50 inches, When installed, toeboards should extend a minimum of how many inches over the working platform? Designing components in accordance with design specifications. a that apply to the following statement and then click DONE. Personal fall-arrest systems used on scaffolds should be attached by lanyard to a vertical lifeline, horizontal lifeline, or scaffold structural member. d.5 to 1, The space between adjacent planks and the space between the plank and the uprights must be no more than: Each worker on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level by use of guardrail systems or personal fall arrest systems. Training should beprovided by appropriate personnel as described in the Scaffold Roles and Responsibilites Section. Contact EHS for assistance and guidance in any of the duties associated with being a Competent Person. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 Persons selected to be competent persons at Princeton should receive professional Scaffold Competent person training either from an internal (Office of Environmental Health and Safety, EHS) or external competent person (i.e. Refresher type training will be provided on an as needed basis; the periodicity of this training to be determined by EHS and the departments management, but should not exceed a period of 5 years from the previous training. Because frame scaffolds are the most common type of supported scaffold, this course uses the Fabricated Frame Scaffold to describe requirements that are common to all supported scaffolds. TypeofAdvertisementProductAdvertisedTargetMarketProductInformationFeaturedTelevisionBlackberryStudents-backtoschoolBlackberryPearl;$20discount;pinkorsilver;usetogete-mail,surftheWeb,andgetdirections\begin{array}{llll} Ropes capable of supporting at least six (6) times the rated load must be used to suspend two-point suspension scaffolds. Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 centimeters) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 centimeters) vertically from the other surfaces. He fell approximately 12 feet to a concrete dock. Damaged or deteriorated equipment shall not be used. are specifically designed and constructed for use as ladder rungs, are not used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11 inches in length, unless each affected employee uses appropriate fall protection, have rungs which are uniformly spaced and a length of at least 8 inches, with a maximum space between rungs of 16 inches, have rest platforms provided at a maximum of 35 foot vertical intervals, a stair rail consisting of a toprail and a midrail on each side of the stairway, a toprail of each stair rail system capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided, sufficient handhold on handrails, and toprails serving as handrails, for employees grasping them to avoid falling, stair rails and handrails surfaced to prevent punctures or lacerations to employees, and to prevent snagging of clothing, stair rails and handrails constructed so that they do not constitute a projection hazard, a space of at least 3 inches between handrails, or stair rails used as handrails, and other objects, a distance of no less than 28 inches and no more than 37 inches from the upper surface of the stair rail to the forward edge of the tread, in line with the face of the riser, a landing platform at least 18 inches wide by 18 inches long at each level, a scaffold stairway width of at least 18 inches between stair rails, slip-resistant surfaces on treads and landings, stairways installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal, guardrails meeting OSHA requirements on the open sides and ends of each landing, uniform riser height, within -inch, for each flight of stairs, greater variations in riser height are allowed for the top and bottom steps of the entire system (not for each flight of stairs), uniform tread depth, within -inch, for each flight of stairs, Ensure ramps and walkways 6 feet or more above lower levels have guardrails that comply with. It is impossible for a stable structure to be built upon a foundation that does not start out square and level. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. b.One continuous mudsill under both legs Nature of electrical, fall hazards and falling object hazards in the work area; Proper handling of materials on scaffolds; Proper erecting, maintaining and disassembling of fall protection systems; Proper construction, use, placement and care in handling of scaffolds; and. Scaffolding in this Guide means the individual components, for example tubes, couplers Should he use those planks? Do not use unstable objects such as loose bricks, blocks of wood or concrete to shore up the uneven surface. Make sure the planks are not allowed. 4.Ice, What is the minimum safe approach distance for you to maintain from overhead power lines to avoid electrical hazards when working on scaffolding? 262 Alexander Street Specific requirements are described below. b.38 - 45 inches 2008-02-28T15:30:48-05:00 Scaffold platforms above one section high must be provided with safe access. Stairs must be at least 18 inches wide and have a landing platform at least 18 inches long at each level. d. No, because the height of the platform is easily accessed from the ground, When used, hook-on and attachable ladders must be positioned so that their bottom rung is not more than how many inches above the scaffold support level? 3.Use mudsills to provide a firm foundation. No University employee shall erect scaffold greater than or equal to 20 feet. Any damaged or weakened component of a scaffold must be repaired or replaced immediately. Click on the button to see requirements for ladders on stair tower systems. All employees are prohibited from working on scaffolds covered with snow, ice, or other slippery materials. While sitting or kneeling on a fixed deck plank attached to a fabricated frame scaffold, a worker was pulling a 16-foot long 2x4 off the bucket of an excavator. 2.Toss tools and other items from the scaffold. b. 1.Climb the cross braces. Ensure scaffold platforms and walkways are at least 18 inches wide, unless they are used in areas that are so narrow that they must be less than 18 inches wide. An access ladder or equivalent safe access must be provided. Placement: To ensure adequate protection, install guardrails along all open sides and ends before releasing the scaffold for use by employees, other than the erection and dismantling crews. He performed a site evaluation and is ready to erect the scaffolding. b.8 feet Chicago, Illinois 60615, T: 773.702.9999 c.6 feet must be plumb (exactly vertical) and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Manila or synthetic rope used for top rails must be inspected to ensure that the rope meets the strength requirement. Before erecting a scaffold, the first step is to: a.Perform a site evaluation. b.2 inches Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 centimeters) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 centimeters) vertically from the other surfaces. Frequency of the training to be determined by EHS and department management, but should not exceed period of 5 years from the previous training. Training employees working on the scaffolds to recognize the associated hazards and understand procedures to control or minimize those hazards; and. The guardrail system must not deflect to a height less than 39 inches. a.One mudsill per leg When the scaffold work area is less than 18 inches (46 centimeters) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used. Scaffolding is widely used during construction and renovation activities. Separation of frames can occur in high winds (uplift), or when workers climb endframes, overload the platform, c.40 - 48 inches The team cannot wait any longer for the weather to clear. The end points of the cross bracing must be no more than 48 inches (1.3 meters) apart vertically. In general, a level is the easiest way to achieve the desired right angles. Inspections of scaffolds after changes / alterations have been made. Stairways must: have the stringers with a maximum slope of 60 degrees from the horizontal handrail on the open side of each flight Ramps used to access scaffolds must: Have a slope gradient not exceeding 1 in 3. b. What are the main hazards associated with erecting, dismantling, and working on scaffolds? Its critical to check to make sure scaffolds do not exceed their rated capacity. Make sure wooden planking is covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be marked for identification. To protect against falling objects, screens must be installed between the toeboard and midrail if anyone is required to pass under the scaffolding. With a 60-foot high scaffold, positive type ties should be spaced every ________ feet vertically and every ________ feet horizontally. Special consideration is required when scaffolding is to be erected on fill, soft or frozen ground. Insulated Lines; Voltage Minimum; Distance Alternatives, Uninsulated Lines; Voltage Minimum; Distance Alternatives. Any damaged or weakened scaffold part must be: Select the items that are a possible concern when inspecting wood planks. A ladder or other safe means of access must be provided. b.18 inches Check that scaffolds and scaffold components are capable of supporting, without failure, their own weight and at least 4 times their maximum intended load. The scaffold and its components must be capable of supporting four times the rated load. d. Repair any defective scaffolding components. a.Two times Training of other competent persons, scaffold erectors, and users. This scaffold is overloaded and planks are strained. Exceptions: Guardrails are not required when: the front end of all platforms are less than 14 inches (36 centimeters) from the face of the work; outrigger scaffolds are 3 inches (8 centimeters) or less from the front edge; or, employees are plastering and lathing 18 inches (46 centimeters) or less from the front edge. A qualified person must do this analysis. The work area for each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 centimeters) wide. A ladder or other safe means of access must be provided. 3.String No more than two workers are permitted to work at one time on suspension scaffold designed for a working load of 500 pounds. When employees are plastering and lathing 18 inches or less from the front edge. At a minimum, daily inspection and documentation of the condition of the scaffold and its ability to be occupied safely. front-end loaders and similar pieces of equipment are not used as support scaffold platforms, unless they have been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. Note: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds, as well as the specialty scaffolds described in their applicable sections. Using wire to connect bracing is not safe. Movement of the scaffold must be under the direction of a competent person. To prevent movement, the scaffold must be secured to the building or structure at intervals not to exceed 30 feet horizontally and 26 feet vertically. 3.Falling objects Independent lifelines should be protected from abrasion and wear. has not been allowed to accumulate on the platform. Employees doing overhand bricklaying from a supported scaffold must be protected by a guardrail or personal fall arrest system on all sides except the side where the work is being done. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. Make sure scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers are not intermixed, unless they fit together without being forced and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained. OSHA defines a mobile ladder stand platform as a mobile, fixed-height, self-supporting unit having one or more standing platforms that are provided with means of access or egress. A competent person is one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions that are hazardous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. a. Tiebacks must be secured to a structurally sound anchorage on the building or structure. \begin{array}{l} c.4 to 1 Where platforms are overlapped to create a long platform, the overlap shall occur only over supports, and shall not be less than 12 inches unless the platforms are nailed; A platform greater than 10 feet in length shall not extend over its support more than 18 inches, unless it is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end; A platform less than 10 feet in length shall not extend over its support more than 12 inches, unless it is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end; Wood surface shall not be covered with opaque finishes, other than the edges for making identification; Platforms may be coated periodically with wood preservatives, fire-retardant finishes, and slip-resistant finishes; however, the coating shall not obscure the top or bottom wood surfaces; and. 100% (1) Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet above or below a point of access. Guardrail systems must be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 200 pounds applied in a downward or outward direction at any point within two inches of the top edge of the top rail. tools, scrap material, chemicals, snow, ice, etc.) Scaffolds are never as safe as the foundations they are built on. Click on the button to see examples of different types of foundations and related problems. to prevent falls. Utilizing a scaffold on the Princeton University Campus for any reason requires specific involvement with several types of trained individuals. Before erecting the scaffold, a number of factors must be accounted for. The spaces between platforms cannot exceed one inch. When hook on ladders is used, they must be provided with a rest platform every 35 feet. Scaffold planks shall extend over their end support at least six (6) inches but no more than twelve (12) inches. Providing a scaffold to the user that is free from recognizable and preventable hazards (i.e. The ground where he needs to place the footing is dry but uneven in spots. Sand, gravel, masonry units, rolls of roofing felt, and other such materials shall not be used as counterweights. d.24 inches, On high scaffolds, all planks should be secured by being tied down with: The following are the requirements for specific types of scaffolds: Employee use of stilts on scaffolds is prohibited. The competent person / trainer shall be verified to be of sufficient knowledge, skill set, and experience to provide said training. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. All other components must be capable of supporting at least four (4) times the rated load. 9. Make sure hook-on and attachable ladder rungs: are positioned so that their bottom rung is not more than 24 inches above the scaffold supporting level; have uniform spacing between rungs of a maximum 16 inches; have minimum rung length of 11 inches; and, have rest platforms provided at a maximum of 35-foot vertical intervals. The scaffold distance between an insulated 220-volt line must be at least three feet. 1926.451(e . Employers must provide access when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. Counterweights shall be secured by mechanical means to the outrigger beams. d.Five times, Which would provide a more stable foundation? 2.Use bricks to bring the scaffolding level. 3.Metal What are some safe work practices you can follow to prevent yourself and others from being struck by falling objects while working on scaffolds? Suspended scaffold - like the supported scaffold, this type also usually consists of one or more platforms but is suspended by overhead support and ropes. b.Once a week d.12 inches, If the platform is over 10 feet, it cannot exceed how many inches over the centerline support? a.Competent person Ensuring all inspection and maintenance practices for scaffolds are conducted by a competent person in accordance with this policy and procedure. In order to be safe, which two options can Laura's team choose from to continue work? Cross bracing is not acceptable as an entire guardrail system but is acceptable for a toprail when the crossing point of the two braces is between 38 inches (0.9 meters) and 48 inches (1.3 meters) above the work platform and for midrails when between 20 inches (0.5 meters) and 30 inches (0.8 meters) above the work platform. \text { Product } \\ b.Use the scaffolding as is. Contacting and coordinating with the Competent Person regarding any issues associated with the erection of a scaffold. Improper Access Leads to Serious Injuries. c.Select an anchor point for Personal Fall Arrest Systems (PFAS). 4.Wear face masks. When the other end of the 2x4 slipped off the bucket, the employee did not let go of his end, and was pulled off the deck. It is generally applied as a thin coat over a base coat and takes several days to achieve its designed strength. 3.Maintain three points of contact while on a ladder. 2012-10-05T11:53:02-04:00 \text { Type of } \\ The lifeline must be attached securely to substantial members of the structure (not the scaffold) or to securely rigged lines that will safely suspend the employee in case of a fall. a scaffold must have a safe means of access to the scaffold when access is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. fall protection systems in place, falling object prevention in place, appropriate access / egress to and from the scaffold, appropriate anchorage and stability of the structure, appropriate walking / working surfaces, maintaining appropriate clearances from electrical hazards, etc.). 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