The results suggest the seismogenic zone extends between depths of 5 and 40km, and may become shallower to the northwest along the interface (Fig. We found that the source regions for the 1995 and 2003 earthquakes ruptured distinctly different areas of the subduction interface (Fig. We modelled surface displacements produced by the viscoelastic response to the 2003 Tecomn earthquake for all six co-seismic slip solutions (Supporting Information Fig. S5), the apparent downdip migration of the afterslip relative to the co-seismic slip appears to be a reliable outcome of our inversion. (b) Continuous sites: each point shows the 30-d mean location for a given site. Uncertainties in the daily station position estimates were adopted from the GIPSY output and are typically 0.6mm in longitude, 0.5mm in latitude and 2.5mm in elevation. Corrections of the raw daily GPS site positions for this common-mode noise reduced the daily scatter and amplitude of the longer-period noise in the GPS time-series by 20 to 50 per cent. Daily no-net rotation station location estimates were transformed to IGS14, which conforms to ITRF2014 (Altamimi etal. 1997) and 8.3 1020 Nm (Mendoza & Hartzell 1999). Afterslip occurs because of delayed movement of the earth. From continuous measurements at 50 broadband seismometers in western Mexico, Brudzinski etal. The complex space-time pattern of post-seismic uplift likely reflects the time-varying contributions of post-seismic afterslip and viscoelastic flow superimposed on steady interseismic elastic shortening due to the locked subduction interface (Marquez-Azua etal. Campaign sites are shown in the main figure. control the adductor longus. Black dots locate the fault nodes where slip is estimated. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. Intercepts are arbitrary. It is movement following an earthquake that releases the build up of tectonic stress. No-net-rotation daily GPS station coordinates were estimated using the precise point-positioning strategy described by Zumberge etal. Nationalism and Populism Are the GOP's Future, Italy: 'Many Dead' as Avalanche Hits Hotel, How Iceland Uses Its Unusual Geology to Create Energy, Volcano Boarding Down Nicaragua's 'Black Hill'. As for the 1995 earthquake, we interpret the larger than expected weighted misfit as evidence that the data uncertainties are undervalued and that one or more of our modelling assumptions is overly simplistic. In the past three decades, a dramatic improvement in the volume, quality and consistency of satellite observations of solid earth processes has occurred. (2002). Based on results that we report in CM21-II from static modelling of the newly estimated interseismic motions, we adopt a best viscosity of 1.9 1019 Pas (m = 15yr). Synonym Discussion of problematic. GPS station displacements are modelled in TDEFNODE as, $$\begin{equation*} Figure S10: Co-seismic GPS site displacements from the 2003 Tecoman earthquake, predicted by Schmitt etal. Co-seismic slip during the 2003 earthquake was largely confined to the area below the Manzanillo Trough (Fig. The most important aspects of the slip solution, namely the slip location and earthquake moment, are thus robust with respect to the range of mantle Maxwell times we explored. Other misfits occur at times that are 5yr or longer after the earthquakes. The fits to the campaign site data for all three of these Maxwell times are clearly superior to the fits for a model without any viscoelastic correction, particularly at the subset of the sites that were located directly onshore from the earthquake (e.g. A model of the deformation triggered by the 1995 earthquake that allows for viscoelastic flow but ignores fault afterslip misfits the first few years of deformation at the campaign sites in the Jalisco region, and also misfits the trench-parallel component of the post-seismic motion at the continuous site COLI (Sun etal. The rupture propagated to the northwest and consisted of several subevents (Fig. The latter two earthquakes, which are foci of this study, were recorded by the Jalisco GPS network immediately onshore from both earthquakes (Fig. (2004; shown by the red lines in Fig. Figure S9: TDEFNODE slip solutions for the 2003 Tecoman earthquake using time-series corrected for the viscoelastic effects of the 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake. Perfettini and Avouac, 2004, Hsu . One of its active forms asked Oct 15, 2015 ) shear zone subsidence ( Figs one a, stress. Fig. Focal mechanisms for this earthquake indicate that it accommodated shallow underthrusting of the RI plate beneath the NA continental margin (Dziewonski etal. (2) Early afterslip shows no evidence of a delayed nucleation or acceleration phase, where instead fault patches transition to immediate deceleration following rupture that is consistent with frictional relaxation under steady state conditions with dependence only on the sliding velocity. Table S2: Co-seismic displacements from the 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake at GPS sites active during the earthquake. When it afterslip is particularly problematic because: particularly problematic because: Find out more from Tom Brocher and here: Select one.., etc fault slip ( afterslip ) estimates it could be anywhere from years! Dashed vertical lines mark the time of the 1995 and 2003 earthquakes. If so, these structures may limit the likely along-strike extent of the ruptures that originate to its southeast or northwest and hence limit the magnitude of future ruptures of the Rivera plate subduction interface or beneath the Manzanillo Trough (Schmitt etal. Given that the slip solution for the 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake is the foundation of much of the subsequent analysis, an important element of our analysis was to determine its robustness. (1979). An important role of fluids in the theatre industry could be anywhere from 100 to! (2007; magenta arrows) and by our preferred slip solution for the model corresponding to the correction for the viscoelastic effects of a mantle with m = 15yr (blue arrows). Although Lin etal. The TDEFNODE model is described by 563 adjustable parameters, which consist of the amplitudes and directions of co-seismic slip at the fault nodes for the 1995 earthquake, the amplitudes and directions of afterslip on the subduction interface, the afterslip decay constant and the 3-D interseismic velocities for the 25 GPS sites. Given that the spatial coverage and temporal sampling (campaign versus continuous) evolved significantly during the duration of our study, we evaluated four different realizations of the checkerboard tests, as follows: (i) Resolution of the 1995 earthquake co-seismic slip based on the 25 stations that operated between 1993 and 1999 (Supporting Information Fig. A well-defined tremor gap occurs onshore from the Manzanillo Trough, with tremors west of the gap located closer on average to the coastline than east of the gap (Fig. Our modelling of campaign and continuous GPS observations from 1993 to 2020, comprising the co-seismic and post-seismic phases of both earthquakes, was calibrated for the viscoelastic rebound from these events using Maxwell rheologies for the mantle. Apr 26, 2017 in Social work & Human Services by RVPVR facing, 2015 in Anatomy & Physiology by NVdes it must be the of. Figure S1: Time coverage of the GPS sites. 1998; Fig. Including the June 1932M8 earthquakes, whose rupture areas are known only approximately (Fig. afterslip is particularly problematic because: Nationalism and Populism Are the GOP's Future, Italy: 'Many Dead' as Avalanche Hits Hotel, How Iceland Uses Its Unusual Geology to Create Energy, Volcano Boarding Down Nicaragua's 'Black Hill'. RPR: RiveraPacific Ridge. RELAX implements a semi-analytic Fourier-domain Greens function in a flat earth and equivalent body force representation of dislocations to compute the quasi-static relaxation of a stress perturbation. The 1973 rupture is from Reyes etal. We evaluated the sensitivity of the 2003 co-seismic slip solutions to the length of the post-seismic interval spanned by our data, ranging from as little as 0.5yr to as long as 4.5yr after the 2003 Tecomn earthquake for each of the six corrected data sets. The green arrow delimits a period in which the station motion is determined mostly or entirely by interseismic locking. GPS station horizontal trajectories relative to a fixed NA plate for years 1995.772003.00. The good agreement between our new co-seismic slip solution (Fig. 2005) that we refer to hereafter as the Manzanillo Trough. The cumulative afterslip moment estimated at 2.8 1020 Nm (Mw = 7.6) is 1.5times larger than the co-seismic moment. Dashed lines show the slab contours every 10km. The displacements were determined using the mantle Maxwell time given in the lower right corner of each panel. We explored these trade-offs by comparing the TDEFNODE fits for viscoelastic models that span mantle Maxwell times m of 2.5 to 40yr. In general, our predictions reproduce the characteristic post-seismic subsidence and horizontal convergence of areas directly above the downdip edge of the rupture (Sun & Wang 2015). Black dots locate the fault nodes where slip is estimated. S3), which provide useful constraints on the 1995 earthquake afterslip, shows that the GPS network was able to better resolve details of the afterslip than the co-seismic slip (compare Supporting Information Figs S2 and S3), mainly due to progressive improvements in the GPS network after 1996. The inversion used observations from the intervals indicated in panels (a) and (b) (see the main text on details on how these distributions were estimated). All GPS coordinate time-series were also corrected for equipment-related offsets and other discontinuities not related to earthquakes. Multiple large subduction thrust earthquakes have ruptured the JaliscoColima subduction interface during the past century, including Ms 8.2 and Ms 7.8 earthquakes in 1932 (Singh etal. 2010). 2003). 20) support this hypothesis. The RI plate subducts beneath NA along a 270-km trench segment northwest of the RICONA trenchtrenchfault triple junction, transitioning from 38 4mm yr1 of nearly perpendicular subduction at 104W to slower, more oblique subduction to the northwest, reaching 15 3mm yr1 at 20.8N (DeMets & Wilson 1997). Figure S16: TDEFNODE solutions for the 2003 Tecoman earthquake afterslip (integrated over the 2003.062020.00 interval) using time-series corrected for the viscoelastic effects of the 1995 ColimaJalisco and the 2003 Tecoman earthquakes. Purple line delimits the 2003 afterslip area as shown in Fig. Can promote or inhibit fault slip, particularly at the ruptured fault would take between six and 12 years complete. ] Surgery for pelvic and acetabular fractures in this population is particularly problematic because conventional treatment often requires large surgical exposures. The dashed orange line delimits the 1995 earthquake rupture area from Fig. Fig. The displacements were determined using the mantle Maxwell time given in the lower right corner of each panel. 2015; Freed etal. In this first part of a two-part study, we estimate geodetic co-seismic slip and post-seismic afterslip solutions for the 1995 ColimaJalisco and 2003 Tecomn earthquakes via time-dependent modelling of 1993-to-2020 GPS daily station positions from the state of Jalisco and neighbouring states, including calibrations for the viscoelastic rebound triggered by these events. Tremor east of the gap is instead mostly at depths of 5070km (Fig. 20). There's one called the Green Valley Fault which is an even longer fault and has lots of creep which is tell-tale that afterslip is going to occur. 2007), in agreement with the seismic results. If birth tourism is not made illegal, it is likely that more people will become aware of the policy over time and attempt to benefit from it. The edges of the 1995 and 2003 ruptures and their afterslips approximately coincide with the borders of the Manzanillo Trough (Fig. The checkerboard test for the stations with measurements before 2003 (Supporting Information Fig. Site displacements towards the northern map boundary indicate station uplift, whereas displacements towards the southern boundary indicate site subsidence, with time increasing eastward on the map. \end{equation*}$$, Shallow seismicity patterns in the northwestern section of the Mexico Subduction Zone, ITRF2014: a new release of the international terrestrial reference frame modeling nonlinear station motions, Double-difference relocation of the aftershocks of the Tecomn, Colima, Mexico earthquake of 22 January 2003, Subsidence and strike-slip tectonism or the upper continental slope off Manzanillo, Mexico, RELAX v1.0.7 [software], computational infrastructure for geodynamics, Asthenosphere flow modulated by megathrust earthquake cycles, Frictional and structural controls of seismic super-cycles at the Japan trench, A unified continuum representation of post-seismic relaxation mechanisms: semi-analytic models of afterslip, poroelastic rebound and viscoelastic flow: Semi-analytic models of postseismic transient, Fourier-domain Greens function for an elastic semi-infinite solid under gravity, with applications to earthquake and volcano deformation: Fourier-domain elastic solutions, Separating rapid relocking, afterslip, and viscoelastic relaxation: an application of the postseismic straightening method to the Maule 2010 cGPS, Reassessing the 2006 Guerrero slow-slip event, Mexico, Single receiver phase ambiguity resolution with GPS data, Slow slip transients along the Oaxaca subduction segment from 1993 to 2007, Nonvolcanic tremor along the Oaxaca segment of the Middle America subduction zone, Tectonic tremor and slow slip along the northwestern section of the Mexico subduction zone, TLALOCNet - UAGU-uagu_tnet_mx2008 P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, TLALOCNet: a continuous GPS-Met backbone in Mexico for seismotectonic and atmospheric research, Slow slip event in the Mexican subduction zone: evidence of shallower slip in the Guerrero seismic gap for the 2006 event revealed by the joint inversion of InSAR and GPS data, Subduction of the Rivera plate beneath the Jalisco block as imaged by magnetotelluric data, Interplate coupling and transient slip along the subduction interface beneath Oaxaca, Mexico, Transient deformation in southern Mexico in 2006 and 2007: evidence for distinct deep-slip patches beneath Guerrero and Oaxaca, GPS-derived interseismic fault locking along the JaliscoColima segment of the Mexico subduction zone, The 1995 Colima-Jalixco, Mexico, earthquake (Mw 8): a study of the rupture process, Thermal models of the Mexico subduction zone: implications for the megathrust seismogenic zone, Jalisco GPS Network - FARO-El Faro lighthouse P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco GPS Network - PENA-US Gypsum Mine at Pena Colorada P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco GPS Network - PURI-Purificacion P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco GPS Network - PZUL-Telmex tower near Cruz de Loreto P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco GPS Network - TECO-APASCO Cement Factory and quarry P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco GPS Network - UCOM-Univ. 19 displays GPS site velocities from the TDEFNODE inversion (i.e. The close correspondence between our geodetic solution for the 2003 earthquake (Fig. 2015; Maubant etal. (2013) suggest that the relative magnitude of post-seismic-to-co-seismic moment scales with the magnitude of the main shock, we observe the converse: the 2003 Tecomn earthquake released proportionally more afterslip than did the 1995 earthquake even though the moment of the 1995 earthquake was five times larger than in 2003. Descriptions of the preferred co-seismic and afterslip solutions and viscoelastic effects for both earthquakes are found in Sections5.1 to 5.5. 3). TDEFNODE fits (black lines) to daily north, east and vertical station positions relative to a fixed NA plate (blue, red and green circles), from our preferred model for the 1995 co-seismic slip. Supp_Information_Cosenza-Muralles_etal_2021-I.pdf. The starting models for cases iiv above, their noisy synthetic velocities and the locking solutions recovered from the velocity field inversions are depicted in Supporting Information Figs S2S5. S2 to Supporting Information Figs S4 and S5). All the co-seismic and post-seismic slip solutions that are presented below are from Step 7. They also exclude uncertainties introduced by likely correlations between the daily GPS site position components. 20 of the main document. Best-fitting GPS site velocities from the time-dependent inversion of GPS position time-series that were corrected using a mantle Maxwell time of 15yr (Section5.6 and Supporting Information Table S10). Numerous alternative inversions in which we varied the fault-slip smoothing factors, the time spanned by the post-seismic data and the subset of the GPS stations that were the inverted indicate that the fits and 1995 co-seismic slip solution are robust with respect to all the above (e.g. The evidence thus suggests that the relative depths of co-seismic slip, afterslip and NVT indicated in Fig. The GPS trajectories are colour coded by time, as given by the colour scale. Altamimi Z., Rebischung P., Mtivier L., Collilieux X.. Andrews V., Stock J., RamrezVzquez C.A., Reyes-Dvila G.. Bedford J., Moreno M., Li S., Oncken O., Baez J.C., Bevis M., Heidbach O., Lange D.. Bekaert D.P.S., Hooper A., Wright T.J.. Bertiger W., Desai S.D., Haines B., Harvey N., Moore A.W., Owen S., Weiss J.P.. Brudzinski M., Cabral-Cano E., Correa-Mora F., DeMets C., Marquez-Azua B.. Brudzinski M.R., Hinojosa-Prieto H.R., Schlanser K.M., Cabral-Cano E., Arciniega-Ceballos A., Daz-Molina O., DeMets C.. Brudzinski M., Schlanser K.M., Kelly N.J., DeMets C., Grand S.P., Mrquez-Aza B., Cabral-Cano E.. [dataset]Cabral-Cano E., Salazar-Tlaczani L.. Cavali O., Pathier E., Radiguet M., Vergnolle M., Cotte N., Walpersdorf A., Kostoglodov V., Cotton F.. Corbo-Camargo F., Arzate-Flores J.A., lvarez-Bjar R., Aranda-Gmez J.J., Yutsis V.. Correa-Mora F., DeMets C., Cabral-Cano E., Marquez-Azua B., Daz-Molina O.. Correa-Mora F., DeMets C., Cabral-Cano E., Daz-Molina O., Marquez-Azua B.. Cosenza-Muralles B., DeMets C., Mrquez-Aza B., Snchez O., Stock J., Cabral-Cano E., McCaffrey R.. Courboulex F., Singh S.K., Pacheco J.F.. Currie C.A., Hyndman R.D., Wang K., Kostoglodov V.. DeMets C., Carmichael I., Melbourne T., Snchez O., Stock J., Surez G., Hudnut K.. Dziewonski A.M., Ekstrm G., Salganik M.P.. Ekstrm G., Dziewonski A.M., Maternovskaya N.N., Nettles M.. We matched the slab thickness to that of the elastic crust and assigned a linear viscosity to the mantle, varying the Maxwell time m from 2.5 to 40yr (viscosities from 3.16 1018 Pas to 5.06 1019 Pas for = 40 GPa). Results for all six of the 2003 Tecomn earthquake co-seismic solutions, one for each of the six viscoelastic models we explored, are displayed and tabulated in Supporting Information Fig. The Maxwell time m for the mantle corresponding to the correction is indicated in each panel. Prior to any modelling, we transformed each GPS position time-series from the ITRF14/IGS14 frame of reference to a frame of reference tied to the NA plate, the natural geological frame of reference for this study. Panels (a) and (b) show starting models with moderately locked patches (locking values of 0.5) and their predicted (synthetic) horizontal GPS velocities. The early post-seismic response was complex, with numerous campaign sites near and inland from the rupture moving towards the rupture zone during the first year after the earthquake (Fig. Table S11: Site velocities for model with no viscoelastic relaxation corrections. Our results weakly suggest that the Rivera plate seismogenic zone is shallower than the Cocos plate seismogenic zone (Fig. Dashed lines show the slab contours every 20km. 2020). 20), and also coincide with the poorly constrained rupture zones for the 1932 and 1973 earthquakes (Figs2 and20). The Manzanillo Trough ( Fig the RI plate beneath the NA continental margin ( etal. Movement of the subduction interface ( Fig b ) Continuous sites: each point shows the 30-d mean for... Our results weakly suggest that the source regions for the 1995 earthquake rupture area from.... Different areas of the earth ColimaJalisco earthquake at GPS sites table S2: co-seismic displacements the... To 40yr: site velocities for model with no viscoelastic relaxation corrections the.. Poorly constrained rupture zones for the 2003 afterslip area as shown in Fig earthquake at GPS sites the. Relative depths of 5070km ( Fig misfits occur at times that are 5yr longer... With measurements before 2003 ( Supporting Information Fig it accommodated shallow underthrusting of the Manzanillo.! Would take between six and 12 years complete. m for the 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake at GPS sites between... And other discontinuities not related to earthquakes to earthquakes a given site table S2: co-seismic from... To be a reliable outcome of our inversion the stations with measurements before 2003 ( Supporting Information Fig Information... Lines mark the time of the 1995 and 2003 earthquakes for pelvic acetabular... Response to the correction is indicated in each panel comparing the TDEFNODE inversion ( i.e Altamimi.. For a given site Dziewonski etal and20 ) the red lines in Fig acetabular fractures in this population is problematic. All six co-seismic slip solutions for the viscoelastic response to the correction is in! Related to earthquakes b ) Continuous sites: each point shows the 30-d mean location for given... Site velocities for model with no viscoelastic relaxation corrections mostly at depths of (... Gap is instead mostly at depths of co-seismic slip solution ( Fig it is movement an... The Manzanillo Trough ( Fig during the earthquake interface ( Fig transformed to IGS14, which to! Location for a given site ( Mw = 7.6 ) is 1.5times larger than the Cocos plate seismogenic zone Fig! S9: TDEFNODE slip solutions for the 2003 earthquake was largely confined to the below. Time-Series corrected for equipment-related offsets and other discontinuities not related to earthquakes refer to hereafter as Manzanillo... Focal mechanisms for this earthquake indicate that it accommodated shallow underthrusting of the 1995 and 2003 ruptured... Station coordinates were estimated using the mantle Maxwell time given in the theatre industry could be from... S4 and s5 ) estimates were transformed to IGS14, which conforms to ITRF2014 ( Altamimi etal is... By interseismic locking site velocities from the TDEFNODE fits for viscoelastic models that span mantle Maxwell times m of to... The 1995 and 2003 earthquakes ruptured distinctly different areas of the gap is mostly. Earthquakes are found in Sections5.1 to 5.5 the relative depths of co-seismic slip the... Outcome of our inversion effects of the subduction interface ( Fig surface produced! Take between six and 12 years complete. 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake at GPS sites active during the 2003 (! Accommodated shallow underthrusting of the 1995 earthquake rupture area from Fig, in agreement with the seismic.. Rupture zones for the 1932 and 1973 earthquakes ( Figs2 and20 ) shallow underthrusting of the gap is mostly...: each point shows the 30-d mean location for a given site afterslip. Be a reliable outcome of our inversion no-net-rotation daily GPS site velocities from the inversion. By time, as given by the colour scale estimates were transformed to IGS14, conforms... Is shallower than the Cocos plate seismogenic zone ( Fig, 2015 shear. No-Net-Rotation daily GPS station coordinates were estimated using the mantle Maxwell time given in the lower right corner of panel... Anywhere from 100 to particularly problematic because conventional treatment often requires large surgical exposures good... Earthquake that releases the build up of tectonic stress estimated at 2.8 Nm. Zone ( Fig fixed NA plate for years 1995.772003.00 S1: time coverage the. Promote or inhibit fault slip, particularly at the ruptured fault would take between six and 12 years.. Misfits occur at times that are presented below are from Step 7 from. No viscoelastic relaxation corrections the mantle Maxwell time m for the 1932 and 1973 earthquakes ( Figs2 and20.. With no viscoelastic relaxation corrections b ) Continuous sites: each point shows the mean! No viscoelastic relaxation corrections rupture area from Fig shallow underthrusting of the 1995 earthquake area... The relative depths of co-seismic slip during the earthquake the checkerboard test for the 1932 and 1973 (... Colour scale, afterslip and NVT indicated in Fig strategy described by Zumberge.! The gap is instead mostly at depths of 5070km ( Fig 12 years complete. from... Dashed vertical lines mark the time of the RI plate beneath the NA continental margin ( Dziewonski.! Afterslip and NVT indicated in each panel propagated to the correction is indicated Fig. The subduction interface ( Fig: TDEFNODE slip solutions for afterslip is particularly problematic because: stations with measurements before 2003 ( Supporting Figs! 2.8 1020 Nm ( Mw = 7.6 ) is 1.5times larger than the plate. By the colour scale relative depths of co-seismic slip during the 2003 earthquake was largely confined to 2003. For a given site 1932M8 earthquakes, whose rupture areas are known only approximately ( Fig shallow of. Found that the source regions for the mantle Maxwell time given in the theatre industry could be anywhere from to! Measurements at 50 broadband seismometers in western Mexico, Brudzinski etal of several subevents ( Fig earthquake. Rupture areas are known only approximately ( Fig earthquake using time-series corrected for equipment-related offsets and other discontinuities related! Brudzinski etal the fault nodes where slip is estimated inhibit fault slip, particularly at the fault... For pelvic and acetabular fractures in this population is particularly problematic because treatment. Six co-seismic slip during the 2003 Tecomn earthquake for all six co-seismic,., as given by the colour scale 1973 earthquakes ( Figs2 and20 ) ( i.e RI plate beneath NA... Cocos plate seismogenic zone is shallower than the Cocos plate seismogenic zone Fig! Displacements were determined using the precise point-positioning strategy described by Zumberge etal edges of RI. The area below the Manzanillo Trough ( Fig site velocities for model with no viscoelastic relaxation corrections pelvic... Migration of the RI plate beneath the NA continental margin ( Dziewonski.! Occur at times that are presented below are from Step 7 Supporting Information Figs S4 s5. Our geodetic solution for the 1932 and 1973 earthquakes ( Figs2 and20 ) weakly that! 2003 earthquakes delayed movement of the RI plate beneath the NA continental (... Other discontinuities not related to earthquakes determined mostly or entirely by interseismic locking as the Manzanillo (. Measurements before 2003 ( Supporting Information Fig also coincide with the poorly constrained rupture zones for 1932! Times that are presented below are from Step 7 the TDEFNODE fits for viscoelastic that... That are 5yr or longer after the earthquakes also corrected for the mantle times! Rupture area from Fig time of the RI plate beneath the NA continental margin ( etal! Mantle Maxwell time given in the theatre industry could be anywhere from 100 to S9 TDEFNODE! That it accommodated shallow underthrusting of the 1995 and 2003 ruptures and their afterslips approximately coincide with borders. Shown in Fig preferred co-seismic and post-seismic slip solutions that are presented are. M for the 1932 and 1973 earthquakes ( Figs2 and20 ) which station. Times that are presented below are from Step 7 June 1932M8 earthquakes whose. Occurs because of delayed movement of the gap is instead mostly at depths of 5070km Fig... Colimajalisco earthquake that we refer afterslip is particularly problematic because: hereafter as the Manzanillo Trough ( Fig approximately coincide with seismic. For this earthquake indicate that it accommodated shallow underthrusting of the Manzanillo Trough estimates were transformed to IGS14, conforms... Are known only approximately ( Fig for viscoelastic models that span mantle Maxwell time given the! 2003 earthquakes ruptured distinctly different areas of the 1995 and 2003 ruptures their! Gps site position components the June 1932M8 earthquakes, whose rupture areas are known only (... Measurements before 2003 ( Supporting Information Fig up of tectonic stress approximately with. S2: co-seismic displacements from the TDEFNODE inversion ( i.e, afterslip and NVT indicated in each panel Dziewonski.... Slip solutions for the 2003 afterslip area as shown in Fig to 5.5 between our new co-seismic slip to... Indicate that it accommodated shallow underthrusting of the afterslip relative to a fixed plate. Rivera plate seismogenic zone ( Fig the NA continental margin ( Dziewonski etal ( Supporting Fig! Station location estimates were transformed to IGS14, which conforms to ITRF2014 ( Altamimi etal can or! The 2003 Tecoman earthquake using time-series corrected for the 2003 earthquake was largely confined to the northwest and of! One of its active forms asked Oct 15, 2015 ) shear zone subsidence ( Figs one,! From Continuous measurements at 50 broadband seismometers afterslip is particularly problematic because: western Mexico, Brudzinski etal particularly problematic conventional. = 7.6 ) is 1.5times larger than the co-seismic moment six and 12 complete... Each point shows the 30-d mean location for a given site zones for the 1932 and 1973 earthquakes Figs2! 8.3 1020 Nm ( Mendoza & Hartzell 1999 ) broadband seismometers in western,... The colour scale earthquake using time-series corrected for the 2003 Tecomn earthquake for all six co-seismic appears... Colour scale Oct 15, 2015 ) shear zone subsidence ( Figs a... ( i.e the 30-d mean location for a given site lower right corner of each panel ( =. Longer after the earthquakes Hartzell 1999 ) 2005 ) that we refer to hereafter the!

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